Sifat-Sifat Beberapa Senyawa Kimia

Amonia /NH₃

Rumus Molekul NH₃
Molar mass 17.031 g/mol
Appearance Colorless gas with strong pungent odour ( gas tak berwarna dengan bau menusuk
kuat)
Density / massa jenis
0.6826 g/L at 25 oC and 1 atm
0.86 kg/m³ (1.013 bar at boiling point)
0.73 kg/m³ (1.013 bar at 15 °C)
681.9 kg/m³ at −33.3 °C (liquid)
820 kg/m³ at -80 °C (crystal solid)
817 kg/m³ at -80 °C (transparent solid)
Melting point/titik lebur −77.73 °C (195.42 K)
Boiling point/titik didih −33.34 °C (239.81 K)
Solubility in water/kelarutan di air
1176 g/100 mL (0 °C)
702 g/100 mL (20 °C)
88 g/100 mL (100 °C)
Acidity/keasaman(pK_a) 38 (H₂O) 41 (DMSO)
Basicity/kebasaan (pK_b) 4.75

Asam Sulfat/H₂SO₄
Rumus Molekul H₂SO₄
Molar mass 98.08 g/mol
Appearance clear, colorless, odorless liquid (kelihatan, tidak berwarna, cairan yang tidak berbau)
Density /massa jenis 1.84 g/cm³, liquid
Melting point/titik leleh 10 °C, 283 K, 50 °F
Boiling point/titik didih 337 °C, 610 K, 639 °F
Solubility in water miscible Acidity (pK_a) −3
Viscosity/kekentalan 26.7 cP (20 °C)

Etanol

Rumus molekul C₂H₆O
Molar mass 46.07 g mol⁻¹
Appearance colorless liquid(cairan tak berwarna)
Density /massa jenis 0.789 g cm^-3
Melting point/titik leleh −114.3 °C, 159 K, -174 °F
Boiling point/titik didih 78.4 °C, 352 K, 173 °F
Solubility in water miscible Acidity (pK_a) 15.9
Refractive index (n_D) 1.36 (25 °C)
Viscosity/kekentalan 1.200 cP (20 °C)
Dipole moment 1.69 D (gas)

Asam Klorida/HCl

Rumus Molekul HCl
Molar mass 36.46 g/mol
Appearance Colorless gas(gas tak berwarna), hygroscopic.
Density/massa jenis 1.477 g/l, gas (25 °C)
Melting point/titik leleh −114.2 °C (158.8 K)
Boiling point/titik didih −85.1 °C (187.9 K)
Solubility in water 72 g/100 ml (20 °C)
Acidity (pK_a) −7.0
Structure bentuk molekul Linear
Dipole moment 1.05 D

Thermochemistry?termokimia
Std enthalpy offormation/ enthalpi pembentukan Δ_fH^o₂₉₈ −2.351 kJ/g
Std enthalpy ofcombustion /enthalpi pembakaranΔ_cH^o₂₉₈ −2.614 kJ/g
Specific heat capacity/Kapasitas panas, C 0.7981 J/g K

Beracun dan korosif

KSCN(Kalium Thiosianat)

Rumus molekul KSCN
Molar mass 97.181 g/mol
Appearance colorless crystals(kristal tak berwarna)
deliquescent Odor odorless(tak berbau)
Density(massa jenis) 1.886 g/cm³
Melting point(titik leleh) 173.2 °C
Boiling point(titik didih) 500 °C (decomp)
Solubility in water 177 g/100 mL (0 °C) 217 g/100 mL (20 °C)
Solubility in other solvents e.g.ethanol ,acetone:21.0 g/100 mL

Asam Asetat

Rumus Molekul C₂H₄O₂(CH₃COOH)
Molar mass 60.05 g mol⁻¹
Appearance colorless liquid(cairan tak berwarna)
Density/massa jenis 1.049 g/cm³ (l)1.266 g/cm³ (s)
Melting point /titik leleh:16.5 °C, 290 K, 62 °F
Boiling point/titik didih 118.1 °C, 391 K, 245 °F
Solubility in water Fully miscible Acidity (pK_a) 4.76 at 25 °C
Viscosity (kekentalan)1.22 mPa·s at 25 °C
Dipole moment 1.74 D (gas)
Corrosive (C)/korosif
Flammable (F)/mudah terbakar

Sumber: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki